Advanced Physical Research

Dy³⁺-doped silico-phosphate glasses with compositions 15QS-59.5P₂O₅-15CaO- 5BaO-5Gd₂O₃-0.5Dy₂O₃ (PGdO) and 15QS-59.5P₂O₅-15CaO-5BaO-5GdF₃-0.5Dy₂O₃ (PGdF) were successfully synthesized using the melt-quenching technique with locally sourced quartz sand from Huta Ginjang, Indonesia. The structural, optical, and luminescence properties were systematically investigated to evaluate the effect of oxide and fluoride modifiers. The absorption spectra revealed characteristic Dy³⁺ transitions, while Judd-Ofelt analysis showed the trend W₂>Ω₆>Ω₄, indicating an asymmetric local environment. Photoluminescence studies demonstrated strong blue (483 nm) and yellow (574 nm) emissions with efficient Gd³⁺ ⇢Dy³⁺ energy transfer. PGdF exhibited enhanced emission intensity due to reduced phonon energy and lower non-radiative losses. Radiative properties confirmed that the ⁴F_9/2 ⇢⁶H_13/2 transition dominates with high emission cross-section and branching ratio. Lifetime analysis revealed comparable decay behavior, with slightly improved performance in PGdF. Under X-ray excitation, both glasses exhibited measurable scintillation response, with PGdO showing higher efficiency due to its higher density. These results demonstrate that oxide-fluoride modification effectively tunes the spectroscopic properties, highlighting the potential of these glasses for applications in solid-state lighting, optical amplifiers, and radiation detection.