New Materials, Compounds and Applications

This paper reports on the development and validation of a novel continuous flow injection analysis methodology employing turbidity detection (FIA-Turbidity) for the direct quantification of risperidone in biological and pharmaceutical specimens. The developed analytical method capitalizes on a unique chemical interaction where risperidone and cadmium chloride generate a distinctive white precipitate complex when combined in an acidic environment. This precipitate can be quantitatively assessed through turbidimetric measurement. A custom-built FIA equipped with a solar cell detection module was employed to monitor product turbidity values. This ad hoc FIA system leveraging a solar cell sensor was purposefully devised and applied over the course of the study to enable the quantitative measurement of turbidity changes. Risperidone standards were used to construct a linear calibration curve at concentrations ranging from 0.08 to 2.5 mmol/L, showing an excellent correlation (r²) of 0.9944 indicating the high linearity and sensitivity of the proposed method. Various analytical parameters including, acetic acid concentration, cadmium chloride concentration, volume of injected sample, length of the reaction coil and flow rate were systematically analyzed and optimized to achieve optimal analytical performance. The rigorously determined limits of detection and quantification for the proposed FIA-Turbidity method were found to be 0.0137 and 0.0452 mmol/L, respectively. The developed flow-injection turbidimetric method was successfully used for the quantitative determination of risperidone concentration in pharmaceutical and biological samples, showing that it can rapidly and sensitively analyze this drug in different sample matrices It also provides method another environmentally friendly.