Socium

This article discusses the concept of disability and its different models from social, historical, legal and theoretical perspectives. Disability is a condition that exists in all societies, regardless of language, culture or religion. The study looks at the main causes of disability, including medical, social, economic and environmental factors and shows that many of these causes can be prevented. The article also explains how attitudes toward disability have changed over time. In the past, people with disabilities were often excluded or treated unfairly, but today there is a stronger focus on rights and inclusion. The study describes different models of disability, such as the moral, medical, social, economic and human rights models. These models show how the understanding of disability has changed from a personal problem to a social issue. In addition, the article highlights the importance of respectful language and the role of international documents like the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities in protecting equal rights. It explains that disability should not define a person, but should be seen as one part of human diversity. In conclusion, the article supports a rights-based and inclusive approach to disability. It stresses that society should remove barriers so that people with disabilities can take part in all areas of life equally.