This study will examine the Ottoman Westernization within its historical context. According to Baykan Sezer, the Ottoman Empire assumed the role of representing the East in the East-West relationship. The research investigates the relationship between the Ottoman Empire and the modern West and its internal impacts are also included in the scope of the study. In this context, the axis of the Westernization policy within the ruling classes of the Ottoman Empire is discussed, as well as the resistance against this policy by both traditionalists and Western-oriented factions, such as the Young Ottomans, Young Turks and the Committee of Union and Progress.