Advances in Biology & Earth Sciences

Seedlessness in Vitis vinifera is one of the most extensively studied topics. It is well known that GA₃ treatment is among the most widely used plant growth regulators for improving fruit quality and it can also induce seedlessness in grape berries. Here, we tested an effect of GA₃ application on the induction of seedless grape berries and along with on the morphological traits of grape berry. GA₃ application increased berry length of Qora Kismish significantly at GA₃ 300 mg/l dose to 26% and berry weight to 36% compared to control. Seeded variety Rizamat the cluster and berry weight decreased approximately 10% and 7% at a concentration of 100 mg L¹ and the highest reduction at 300 mg L¹ 45% and 25% compared to the control, respectively. We found that GA₃ application at 300 mg L¹ dose inhibited seed development and induced seedlessness by both Qora Kkishmish and seeded Rizamat and Toyfi cultivars. The application of 100 mg/L and 200 mg/L GA₃ completely inhibited embryo formation in the rudiments and significantly reduced growth rate in in vitro condition (11%). Embryo germination in artificial medium decreased up to 9.1%-6.2% at 100 mg/L and 200 mg/L GA3 by the “Toyfi” cultivar and 4.5%-4.1% at 100 mg/L and 200 mg/L GA3 by the “Rizamat” cultivar.